Subcutaneous injections dominate this segment with a 64% market share, offering robust efficacy and established preference among healthcare providers
The review confirmed that GHK-Cu stimulates blood vessel and nerve outgrowth, increases collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and supports dermal fibroblast function
Vitamin B12 level
More recently, researchers have highlighted its impact on hair follicle stimulation, scalp circulation, and anti-inflammatory protection, making it a powerful candidate for hair restoration therapies (Pickart, Journal of Biomaterials Science )
Mechanistically, these mediators suppress proinflammatory cytokine production, reduce the recruitment and infiltration of Th1 and Th17 cells, and increase the proportion of Tregs [288]