Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin essential for red blood cell formation, nerve function, and DNA synthesis
However, serious side effects such as allergic reactions or heart failure in individuals with heart disease are rare but possible
Clean the injection site with an alcohol swab, pinch the skin to create a fold, insert the needle at a 45-90 degree angle, slowly inject the solution, then withdraw the needle and apply gentle pressure to the site
In addition, push out a tiny amount of solution to ensure there is no air left in the metal tip
A study from The Netherlands (Riphagen, 2020) found that after 8.5 years of follow-up of an older cohort (median baseline age=65), a doubling of baseline MMA levels was associated with an increased risk of mortality (HR 11.48, CI 3.3239.64)