The catalytic core of tyrosinase is composed of H 2 L 2 tetramer, and its active center contains binuclear copper ions, which form a six-coordinated chelating structure through His61, His85, His94(CuA), His259, His263 and His296(CuB) ( 2+ is the key step to catalyze the oxidation of L-tyrosine to dopaquinone, which depends on the precise regulation of the hydrophobic environment in the active chamber ( CuA and CuB are connected by an oxygen bridge to form a rigid structure, required for catalytic activity
In APS-2, HT may coexist with Addisons disease, hypogonadism, hyperparathyroidism, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), or pituitary insufficiency
It has been suggested that administration of large amounts or improper combinations of AOXs may lead to shift of the redox balance towards a reductive stress status ( Table 2 ( Table 2 Potential adverse effects of antioxidants
& Birkov, A
The standard dosage is 20-40mg per kilogram of body weight for 3 to 6 months