glutathione nanoparticles modified Ag2Te as a resonance Rayleigh scattering sensor for highly sensitive and selective determination of cytochrome C summary diagram for production of

Low-fat areas such as the inner thigh, the lower abdomen in leaner individuals, and sites near bony prominences should be avoided where possible as they offer less tissue cushioning and produce more pronounced discomfort

Jiang, F

Species 0.000 description 5 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 5 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 5 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 5 210000003470 mitochondria Anatomy 0.000 description 5 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 5 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5 ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KQYNXXCUSA-J ATP(4-) Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KQYNXXCUSA-J 0.000 description 4 ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adenosine triphosphate Natural products C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1C1OC(COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)C(O)C1O ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4 RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4 206010016654 Fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 4 102000005720 Glutathione transferase Human genes 0.000 description 4 108010070675 Glutathione transferase Proteins 0.000 description 4 DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4 XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N L-Cysteine Chemical compound SC[C@H](N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 4 230000003915 cell function Effects 0.000 description 4 230000007882 cirrhosis Effects 0.000 description 4 208000019425 cirrhosis of liver Diseases 0.000 description 4 208000035250 cutaneous malignant susceptibility to 1 melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 4 208000006454 hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 4 231100000283 hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 description 4 239000003978 infusion fluid Substances 0.000 description 4 230000003859 lipid peroxidation Effects 0.000 description 4 201000001441 melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 4 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 4 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4 230000035806 respiratory chain Effects 0.000 description 4 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 4 LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3 WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3 206010027476 Metastases Diseases 0.000 description 3 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 3 230000000172 allergic effect Effects 0.000 description 3 230000003281 allosteric effect Effects 0.000 description 3 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 3 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 3 KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 3 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 3 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 3 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 3 208000019423 liver disease Diseases 0.000 description 3 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 description 3 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3 210000003463 organelle Anatomy 0.000 description 3 230000036542 oxidative stress Effects 0.000 description 3 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 3 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 3 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3 GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ()--Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2 102100031126 6-phosphogluconolactonase Human genes 0.000 description 2 108010029731 6-phosphogluconolactonase Proteins 0.000 description 2 OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2 208000031229 Cardiomyopathies Diseases 0.000 description 2 102000018832 Cytochromes Human genes 0.000 description 2 108010052832 Cytochromes Proteins 0.000 description 2 BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2 MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2 208000004930 Fatty Liver Diseases 0.000 description 2 108010018962 Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Proteins 0.000 description 2 108010081687 Glutamate-cysteine ligase Proteins 0.000 description 2 102100039696 Glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit Human genes 0.000 description 2 108010036164 Glutathione synthase Proteins 0.000 description 2 102100034294 Glutathione synthetase Human genes 0.000 description 2 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 2 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 2 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 2 206010019708 Hepatic steatosis Diseases 0.000 description 2 238000012404 In vitro experiment Methods 0.000 description 2 RWSXRVCMGQZWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-Glutathione (reduced) Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)CCC(=O)NC(CS)C(=O)NCC(O)=O RWSXRVCMGQZWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2 WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 2 206010028813 Nausea Diseases 0.000 description 2 208000012902 Nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 2 208000025966 Neurological disease Diseases 0.000 description 2 102000004316 Oxidoreductases Human genes 0.000 description 2 108090000854 Oxidoreductases Proteins 0.000 description 2 206010063493 Premature ageing Diseases 0.000 description 2 208000032038 Premature aging Diseases 0.000 description 2 BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 2 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2 230000005779 cell damage Effects 0.000 description 2 230000030833 cell death Effects 0.000 description 2 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 2 XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 description 2 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 2 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 2 230000003412 degenerative effect Effects 0.000 description 2 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 2 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2 230000027721 electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 2 230000003511 endothelial effect Effects 0.000 description 2 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2 208000010706 fatty liver disease Diseases 0.000 description 2 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2 210000002443 helper t lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2 230000001900 immune effect Effects 0.000 description 2 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2 230000035987 intoxication Effects 0.000 description 2 231100000566 intoxication Toxicity 0.000 description 2 238000001361 intraarterial administration Methods 0.000 description 2 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 2 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 2 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 2 210000002540 macrophage Anatomy 0.000 description 2 229940126601 medicinal product Drugs 0.000 description 2 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 2 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 2 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2 208000010125 myocardial infarction Diseases 0.000 description 2 210000000822 natural killer cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2 230000008693 nausea Effects 0.000 description 2 238000011275 oncology therapy Methods 0.000 description 2 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2 YPZRWBKMTBYPTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidized gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(=O)NC(C(=O)NCC(O)=O)CSSCC(C(=O)NCC(O)=O)NC(=O)CCC(N)C(O)=O YPZRWBKMTBYPTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 2 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 2 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 2 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2 210000003456 pulmonary alveoli Anatomy 0.000 description 2 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 2 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 2 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 2 231100000240 steatosis hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 description 2 230000034005 thiol-disulfide exchange Effects 0.000 description 2 230000000451 tissue damage Effects 0.000 description 2 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 2 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 2 230000004102 tricarboxylic acid cycle Effects 0.000 description 2 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 2 FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1 208000030090 Acute Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1 208000000058 Anaplasia Diseases 0.000 description 1 206010002383 Angina Pectoris Diseases 0.000 description 1 206010003210 Arteriosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1 206010003694 Atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 description 1 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 description 1 208000002177 Cataract Diseases 0.000 description 1 208000008964 Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury Diseases 0.000 description 1 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1 206010010356 Congenital anomaly Diseases 0.000 description 1 208000028006 Corneal injury Diseases 0.000 description 1 101710088194 Dehydrogenase Proteins 0.000 description 1 108091006149 Electron carriers Proteins 0.000 description 1 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1 102000003983 Flavoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1 108010057573 Flavoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1 208000001034 Frostbite Diseases 0.000 description 1 RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1 206010017711 Gangrene Diseases 0.000 description 1 WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1 HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heparin Chemical compound OC1C(NC(=O)C)C(O)OC(COS(O)(=O)=O)C1OC1C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(O3)C(O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)C(CO)O2)NS(O)(=O)=O)C(C(O)=O)O1 HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1 206010020880 Hypertrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1 FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-Methionine Natural products CSCCC(N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1 239000004201 L-cysteine Substances 0.000 description 1 235000013878 L-cysteine Nutrition 0.000 description 1 FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1 229930195722 L-methionine Natural products 0.000 description 1 206010067125 Liver injury Diseases 0.000 description 1 206010025327 Lymphopenia Diseases 0.000 description 1 FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1 CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 1 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1 ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1 241000700157 Rattus norvegicus Species 0.000 description 1 241000606701 Rickettsia Species 0.000 description 1 XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1 FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1 101710172711 Structural protein Proteins 0.000 description 1 210000001744 T-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1 102000004357 Transferases Human genes 0.000 description 1 108090000992 Transferases Proteins 0.000 description 1 208000025865 Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1 FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 description 1 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 1 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 1 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1 HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1 238000009098 adjuvant therapy Methods 0.000 description 1 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1 230000002152 alkylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1 OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N all-trans beta-carotene Natural products CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 description 1 FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 1 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 1 230000008850 allosteric inhibition Effects 0.000 description 1 210000001132 alveolar macrophage Anatomy 0.000 description 1 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 1 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 1 208000007502 anemia Diseases 0.000 description 1 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 1 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1 208000011775 arteriosclerosis disease Diseases 0.000 description 1 230000037444 atrophy Effects 0.000 description 1 210000003719 b-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1 TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N beta-carotene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=CCCCC2(C)C TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N 0.000 description 1 235000013734 beta-carotene Nutrition 0.000 description 1 239000011648 beta-carotene Substances 0.000 description 1 229960002747 betacarotene Drugs 0.000 description 1 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1 229940077731 carbohydrate nutrients Drugs 0.000 description 1 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1 230000006652 catabolic pathway Effects 0.000 description 1 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1 230000010261 cell growth Effects 0.000 description 1 208000037887 cell injury Diseases 0.000 description 1 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 1 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1 239000005515 coenzyme Substances 0.000 description 1 230000006957 competitive inhibition Effects 0.000 description 1 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1 208000029078 coronary artery disease Diseases 0.000 description 1 239000000824 cytostatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1 230000001085 cytostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1 229940127089 cytotoxic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1 231100000673 doseresponse relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 1 239000006196 drop Substances 0.000 description 1 230000004064 dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1 210000003617 erythrocyte membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1 229960002737 fructose Drugs 0.000 description 1 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1 238000002695 general anesthesia Methods 0.000 description 1 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1 GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1 210000003714 granulocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 1 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1 229960002897 heparin Drugs 0.000 description 1 229920000669 heparin Polymers 0.000 description 1 231100000234 hepatic damage Toxicity 0.000 description 1 210000005260 human cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1 238000002639 hyperbaric oxygen therapy Methods 0.000 description 1 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1 208000021267 infertility disease Diseases 0.000 description 1 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1 210000003093 intracellular space Anatomy 0.000 description 1 238000007912 intraperitoneal administration Methods 0.000 description 1 230000002601 intratumoral effect Effects 0.000 description 1 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1 201000002364 leukopenia Diseases 0.000 description 1 231100001022 leukopenia Toxicity 0.000 description 1 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1 230000008818 liver damage Effects 0.000 description 1 230000005976 liver dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1 238000011866 long-term treatment Methods 0.000 description 1 231100001023 lymphopenia Toxicity 0.000 description 1 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1 238000002483 medication Methods 0.000 description 1 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 1 208000030159 metabolic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1 230000037353 metabolic pathway Effects 0.000 description 1 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1 230000009401 metastasis Effects 0.000 description 1 229960004452 methionine Drugs 0.000 description 1 210000001700 mitochondrial membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1 230000000394 mitotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1 210000001616 monocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1 210000004877 mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1 150000002831 nitrogen free-radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 1 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1 239000006186 oral dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1 230000008816 organ damage Effects 0.000 description 1 KHPXUQMNIQBQEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxaloacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(=O)C(O)=O KHPXUQMNIQBQEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1 238000002640 oxygen therapy Methods 0.000 description 1 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1 230000001991 pathophysiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1 210000004180 plasmocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1 235000019833 protease Nutrition 0.000 description 1 230000002685 pulmonary effect Effects 0.000 description 1 230000009325 pulmonary function Effects 0.000 description 1 238000007348 radical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1 238000001959 radiotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 description 1 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1 230000001373 regressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1 108091006091 regulatory enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1 210000001525 retina Anatomy 0.000 description 1 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1 108010049797 selenium-independent glutathione peroxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1 208000013363 skeletal muscle disease Diseases 0.000 description 1 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1 238000009102 step therapy Methods 0.000 description 1 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 1 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1 206010043554 thrombocytopenia Diseases 0.000 description 1 231100000827 tissue damage Toxicity 0.000 description 1 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1 230000004614 tumor growth Effects 0.000 description 1 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1 238000002255 vaccination Methods 0.000 description 1 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1 239000002676 xenobiotic agent Substances 0.000 description 1 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1 OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N -Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 1 Classifications AHUMAN NECESSITIES A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE

2013 Aug;1830(8):4117-29

Additionally, most patients with PNPO mutations are born prematurely and exhibit abnormal fetal movements, intrauterine distress, and amniotic fluid abnormalities in the fetus